STTAL POSTGRADUATE - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT FACTORS MINIMUM ESSENTIAL FORCE (MEF) ACHIEVEMENT OF INDONESIAN NAVY ON THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE NORTH NATUNA MARINE AREA

Arda Widyaksa — 2024-08-05

This research focuses on evaluating the current status of the Indonesian Navy's Minimum Essential Force (MEF)
in the North Natuna Sea area. This research aims to evaluate the progress of the Indonesian Navy's Minimum
Essential Force (MEF) initiative, focusing specifically on its impact within the North Natuna Sea region. Utilizing a
qualitative descriptive statistical approach the research using the Delphi Method to support its analysis. The
impact of achieving the MEF is dissected into three main criteria: Deterrent Effect, Bargaining Power, and Maritime
Security Threat. The research identified 4 sub-factors for both Deterrent Effect and Bargaining Power, and 6 subfactors for Maritime Security Threat, all determined through consensus among expert panelists.

SUBMARINE CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT TO INCREASE DETERRENCE EFFECT IN THE ALKI II REGION

Yoyok Nurkarya Santosa — 2024-08-05

Regional dynamics marked by an increase in submarine operations by several countries need to
be balanced with an increase in Indonesia's capabilities in underwater warfare and contribute to
increasing the country's defence system at sea. herefore, the purpose of this study is to consider the
competitive dimension of submarine capability development on a country's deterrence effect and
assess the extent of the literature review. This research is a statement that there is no instrument for
assessing the capability and sustainability of submarines in an effort to increase the deterrence effect
in the ALKI II region associated with the development of current dynamics so that this research is
expected to contribute to getting an instrument for assessing submarine capability and submarine
deterrence effect in the ALKI II region.

APPLICATION OF ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS (ANP) METHOD BASED ON ESTABLISHED CRITERIA IN THE SELECTION OF THE LOCATION OF MAKO LANTAMAL VI

Rudi Hartono Siregar — 2024-08-05

This study discusses the degradation condition of the Makassar VI Naval Base which has
experienced a decline in its function as an operational support center for the Indonesian Navy. So
that it has an impact on the optimality of the implementation of base duties. Through the application
of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, this study aims to determine the best alternative in
choosing the location of Mako Lantamal VI. The alternative involves Lanal Mamuju, Lanal Kendari,
Lanal Baubau, and Lanal Palu which are work units under Lantamal VI Makassar which are located
in the Sea Route of the Islands II (ALKI II). Criteria and subcriteria in determining the best
alternative include, geography, resources, and socio-cultural aspects. As a result, this research is
expected to be a strategic foundation in preparing a plan for projecting the strength of the
Indonesian Navy in the future. Where is the urgency in this research, so that the function of the
base according to its principles can still be carried out. This study intends to select the location of
Mako Lantamal VI due to the degradation of the base function which results in the main functions
and tasks of the base being constrained, The solution of this study will use the Analytical Network
Process (ANP) method where the results of data processing are obtained by the weight of
geography criteria (0.47433), socio-cultural (0.13536), and resource criteria (0.237890).

SUBMARINE OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT DESIGN IN SUPPORTING TNI AL'S DUTIES

Hudha Dwi Saputro — 2024-08-05

This research discusses risk management faced by submarines and their crews. One of the risks that can occur
is that the submarine cannot surface because the steering and propulsion system is not functioning properly.
With the submarine unable to surface, it will cause the ship to sit on the seabed. A submarine that experiences
an emergency so that it cannot surface is called a Distressed Submarine (DISSUB). Through the FMEA method
the author identifies risks and aims to prioritize different causes based on their priority. FMEA itself is a
systematic method, so it can find out the root of the problem that actually occurs. By knowing how urgent the
priority is, the author can focus on problems that have a big impact on ship operational risks. It is hoped that the
research results can be used as recommendations for mitigating risks that occur on submarines, providing a risk
management framework for submarines.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR RADAR SYSTEMS IN INDONESIA'S OUTERMOST ISLANDS: A COOPERATIVE GAME THEORY ANALYSIS

Rakhmad Susilo — 2024-08-05

Indonesia's vast territorial waters, essential for natural wealth and strategic trade routes, face significant security
challenges, including smuggling, illegal fishing, marine pollution, and maritime terrorism. To address these threats,
Indonesia has implemented the Integrated Maritime Surveillance System (IMSS), primarily powered by diesel
generators and, in some cases, supplemented by solar cells. This study explores the potential of transitioning
IMSS to sustainable energy sources, specifically solar cells, to enhance environmental sustainability and
operational independence. Utilizing cooperative game theory, we analyze the compromise values of using solar
cells, diesel generators, and PLN (state electricity) to determine the optimal energy mix that balances costefficiency and renewable energy utilization. Through cooperative game theory, we evaluate the total costs and
net present values (NPV) of each energy source under different usage scenarios (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%).
The NPV method is applied to assess the profitability and cost-effectiveness of each energy source over a 10-
year period, discounting future cash flows to present value to account for the time value of money. This analysis
shows that while solar cells require high initial investment, they offer significant long-term operational cost savings
and environmental benefits. Conversely, diesel generators, despite lower initial costs, incur high operational and
maintenance expenses. PLN electricity, though reliable in certain areas, faces limitations in remote regions. By
determining the payoff matrix and eliminating dominant strategies, we identify the optimal compromise strategy
that maximizes the use of renewable energy while minimizing costs. This approach not only supports Indonesia's
green economy initiatives but also ensures reliable and efficient maritime surveillance. The findings advocate for
a strategic shift towards greater reliance on solar energy for IMSS, promoting environmental sustainability and
enhancing the system's overall effectiveness in securing Indonesia's maritime domain. This study contributes to
the broader discourse on sustainable energy transitions in critical infrastructure and highlights the applicability of
cooperative game theory in resource management.

THE ANALYSIS OF THE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY INSTALLATION SERVICES SYSTEM IN HOSPITAL USING ARENA SIMULATION METHOD (Case Study in ABC Hospital)

Radityo Dimas Mudjiono — 2024-08-05

ABC Hospital is a type A hospital. ABC Hospital is one of the referral centers for both TNI agencies in the
eastern region and regional hospitals in Surabaya and its surroundings. For this reason, the services provided
must be able to provide a level of satisfaction to the patients who seek treatment. To support this
implementation, it must be supported by all parts related to the patient service process. One important part
that supports the running of a good service process is the pharmaceutical installation, especially the outpatient
pharmacy installation. Where the entire service process in the hospital will end at the pharmacy installation.
Outpatient pharmacy installations are special because this process is carried out by the patient or their family,
which is different from inpatient treatment where drugs or processes in the pharmacy installation are usually
carried out by the nurse on duty in the inpatient room. The author uses arena simulation to analyze and obtain
results both for existing conditions and results from experimental scenarios. Where the process begins by
determining the distribution model from data observed in the field using analyzer input and then carrying out
simulations, validation tests, and verification tests. Then carry out several experimental scenarios using the
process analyzer. From the experimental results, we obtained better results than the existing conditions in
the non-mixed (+1) and packaging (+1) scenarios, resulting in an improvement in the response variable of
15.2%.

APPLICATION OF X BAND AND S BAND RADAR ON THE SHIP MV BULK CARRIER TO DETECT OBJECTS UNDER THE SURFACE OF THE SEA FOR SHIPPING SAFETY

Muhammad Ismail Chandra — 2024-08-05

Radio Detection And Ranging or often called RADAR is an electromagnetic wave system used to detect, measure,
and find out objects and bad weather within a certain range as long as RADAR can reach it. The purpose of the
study was to determine the cause of RADAR in MV. Bulk Carrier cannot detect an object below the surface of the
water and To find out the benefits of optimizing X Band and S Band RADAR on MV ships. dear Bulk Carrier This
type of research is qualitative descriptive research. This research was carried out on March 16, 2023 at PT. L…
P… L… at MV Bulk Carrier The results of the study obtained that X band and S band radars have different
capabilities in detecting objects below sea level. X band radars have a shorter detection range but higher
resolution, making them more suitable for detecting small objects. S band radars have a longer detection range
but lower resolution, making them more suitable for detecting large objects. The use of X band and S band radars
on the MV Bulk Carrier is quite effective in detecting objects below sea level, such as corals, obstacles, and
submarines. However, there are some obstacles faced, such as interference from sea waves and bad weather.
The application of X band and S band radars on the MV Bulk Carrier ship can improve shipping safety by detecting
objects below sea level. However, efforts need to be made to optimize its use to make it more effective. Copyright
© 20 24 STTAL. - All rights reserved.

THE INFLUENCE OF CHARACTER EDUCATION, LEARNING MOTIVATION ON THE COMPETENCY AND PERFORMANCE OF PUSDIKLEK GRADUATES IN CARRYING OUT THE MAIN DUTIES OF THE INDONESIAN NAVY

Nordi — 2024-08-05

In carrying out the main tasks of the Indonesian Navy, professional and reliable personnel of the Indonesian
Navy's defense equipment are needed. This can be done by improving the quality of character education and
learning motivation, especially at the Pusdiklek Kodikdukum Kodiklatal which is responsible for preparing marine
soldiers of the electronics corps who are moral, professional and have mastered the technology in the fields of
electronics and informatics. This study examines the influence of character education, learning motivation and
competence on the performance of Pusdiklek graduates, using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method.
This study aims to test the significance of the influence of character education, learning motivation both directly
and indirectly through competence on performance. The results of the study indicate that character education has
a direct and significant effect on competence with an estimated path coefficient of 0.415; learning motivation has
a direct and significant effect on competence with an estimated path coefficient of 0.522; competence has a direct
and significant effect on performance of 0.359; character education has a direct and significant effect on
performance with an estimated path coefficient of 0.288; learning motivation has a direct and significant effect on
performance with an estimated path coefficient of 0.454; character education has a significant influence on the
performance of soldiers graduating from Pusdiklek through competence (as a mediating variable) with a mediation
coefficient of 0.149; and learning motivation has a significant influence on the performance of soldiers graduating
from Pusdiklek through competence (as a mediating variable) with a mediation coefficient of 0.187. All hypotheses
proposed are accepted, indicating that increasing character education, learning motivation and competence can
have a significant influence on improving the performance of Pusdiklek graduates.

STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING CHANGE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR)

Sofyan Sauri — 2024-08-05

Managing change in human resource management (HRM) is a crucial aspect for the sustainability and
advancement of institutions, particularly in educational settings such as universities. This study aims to reveal
effective strategies for managing change within such environments, focusing on a case study of developments in
a higher education institution. In this dynamic era, understanding and applying appropriate strategies is key to
ensuring successful adaptation and innovation amidst ongoing changes. HRM is a primary pillar in maintaining an
organization's continuity and progress. Amidst the constant flux of change, strategic HRM becomes increasingly
important, serving not only as a guide but also as a foundation that enables organizations to adapt, grow, and
succeed in an ever-changing environment. This research offers valuable insights into HRM strategies by deeply
understanding how organizations manage their human resources, both in specific contexts like universities and in
broader scopes. By identifying successful patterns, potential obstacles, and opportunities for innovation (Wang,
Z., Xu, H., & Song, M., 2021), this study provides essential knowledge. Case studies, such as the one detailed in
this article, offer concrete insights. By examining specific development cases in universities, we learn about
strategic steps such as organizational restructuring, employee development, effective communication, and active
stakeholder engagement, each significantly impacting organizational well-being. Therefore, this research aims to
explore how these strategies are understood, adopted, and adjusted within the context of universities. It is hoped
that a profound understanding of HRM strategies will contribute positively to sustainable and innovative managerial
practices in the future. The study employs a systematic and comprehensive literature review approach using the
SCOPUS database, considered credible and internationally indexed, to identify research trends and developments
in HRM strategies. This methodology ensures an objective, transparent, and replicable analysis, providing a rich
and beneficial contribution to the field of strategic HRM in higher education.

ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (K3) IN FABRICATION WORK WITH THE RISK ASSESSMENT METHOD AT PT INDUSTRI KERETA KERETA (INKA) BANYUWANGI

Harliwati Prisilia — 2024-08-05

Potential hazards always exist when we are doing daily activities and potential hazards always exist
wherever we are, be it in every place of the work environment or outside the work environment. In the industrial
business world, occupational safety and health (K3) is very necessary. There will always be a risk of failure (risk
failures) in every work activity and when a work accident occurs, so that no matter how small the work accident
will result in a loss effect for both the company and the worker. PT. Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Banyuwangi is a
state-owned enterprise engaged in manufacturing services located in Ketapang Village, Kalipuro Banyuwangi. PT
INKA Banyuwangi is still relatively newly inaugurated and has just started production, it is not surprising that the
attitude of workers towards the application of K3 at PT INKA Banyuwangi has not gone well. The purpose of this
research is to identify potential hazards and conduct risk assessment of the level of work accidents at PT INKA
Banyuwangi.
From the results of the identification that occurred at PT. Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Banyuwangi, 10
potential hazards and risks were found in field workers. The risk level assessment for field workers contained 3
low risks and 5 medium risks. Assessment of risk control in field workers there are 4 mild risks and 4 moderate
risks. While the results of the calculation of risidual risk or residual risk after control efforts are made there are still
5 hazard risks that require improvement in work accident control at PT. Railway Industry (INKA) Banyuwangi.

THE ANALYSIS OF STATE DEFENSE STRATEGY IN THE SEA OF THE MALAYSIA STATE IN ORDER TO FACE THE THREAT IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION

Yos Aru Moreta — 2024-08-05

Malaysia, as a strategic country in the Indo-Pacific region, faces various complex maritime security
challenges. In maintaining its sovereignty, Malaysia must manage threats arising from overlapping territorial
claims in the South China Sea, piracy and maritime crime in the Malacca Strait, as well as geopolitical tensions
between major powers such as the United States and China. Malaysia's centralized federal structure gives
the federal government the authority to determine national strategic policy, including international cooperation
and maritime defense. This research aims to analyze Malaysia's maritime defense strategy in facing threats
in the Indo-Pacific region using game theory, maritime strategy theory, and collective security theory. This
research identifies several strategies that Malaysia can take, including carrying out bilateral military exercises,
joint patrols, exchanges of officers and students, as well as sharing technology and defense industry
cooperation with neighboring countries such as Indonesia. Through game theory analysis, it was found that
the optimal strategy for Malaysia is to carry out joint operations around the Malacca Strait and the waters
bordering Indonesia, which will increase maritime security and prevent illegal activities. The research results
show that a combination of bilateral military exercises and joint patrols, supported by personnel exchange
programs and technological collaboration, is the most effective strategy to increase Malaysia's maritime
defense capabilities. Implementation of these strategies not only strengthens diplomatic relations and synergy
in developing human resources and defense technology but also creates stronger stability and security in the
Indo-Pacific region. The recommendation from this research is that Malaysia and Indonesia actively
implement the strategies that have been identified and continue to evaluate and adjust to ensure the
sustainability and increased effectiveness of maritime defense and security cooperation in the region.

IMPACT OF BRI AND FOIP DEVELOPMENT ON NATIONAL SECURITY IN THREE TROUBLE SPOTS IN INDONESIA

Mohamad Faikhul Himam — 2024-08-05

China's economic growth followed by its military progress has created imbalances in the Asia-Pacific
region, especially Southeast Asia. At present, China's military is ranked third in the world, and even the China
Sea is ranked second in the world. China is developing its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) strategy to increase its
geopolitical influence in the Southeast Asian region. The United States created America's Free and Open IndoPacific (FOIP) policy to counterbalance China's geopolitical influence. This study aims to determine the national
security risks that occur in 3 touble spots in Indonesia as a result of the development of BRI and FOIP in the
Southeast Asian region. This research uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method approach. Based on
the results of Risk Factor research consisting of threats, vulnerabilities and impacts showed that impact with a
value of 0.396 was identified as the most important criterion followed by vulnerability with a value of 0.335 and
threats with a value of 0.269. Sensitivity analysis showed minimal variation in ranking order across different
scenarios, confirming the robustness of the proposed model. This analysis suggests that adjusting the weights
and scores used in evaluating national security trouble spots can improve the decision-making process, as it
shows the important role these factors play in risk ratings for each region.

LOADING AND UNLOADING ON THE RORO FERRY DURING EXTREME WEATHER AT MERAK-BAKAUHENI PORT

Viki Ramadhani — 2024-08-05

Indonesia, an archipelagic country with 31 million km² of water and an exclusive economic zone of 27 million km²,
plays an essential role in the global economy. Public transportation, including land, air, and sea, dramatically
affects the region's economic performance. With their roll-on-roll-off design, Roro Ferry's passenger ships are
becoming an efficient and effective mode of transportation. However, they still face shortcomings in terms of
safety and convenience. The research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The study's location is the
Merak-Bakauheni Ferry Terminal, the main link between Java and Sumatra. Data was collected through
interviews, observations, and case studies and analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive data analysis
techniques. The study results show that implementing appropriate safety procedures can minimize the risk of
accidents and cargo damage. Using ramp doors makes the loading and unloading easier but requires special
adjustments during extreme weather. In addition, strict checks on mooring ropes, ramp doors, ventilation, and the
cleanliness of the loading room, as well as the readiness of the crew, are crucial. In adverse weather conditions,
additional procedures are required to handle heavy loads, such as fuso and Ironton trucks. This study provides
recommendations for infrastructure improvement, revision of standard operating procedures (SOP), safety
training, and collaboration with BMKG to improve safety and operational efficiency.

POLICY STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR

Muhammad Syamil Fadlillah — 2024-08-05

This study uses system dynamics modeling to explore policy strategies for reducing carbon emissions in the
transportation sector by adopting electric vehicles (EVs). It addresses global warming and climate change, aligning
with the 13th Sustainable Development Goal on climate action. The research focuses on transitioning from fossilfuel-powered vehicles to EVs, with governments worldwide implementing incentives and tax benefits to promote
this shift. The study develops a dynamic system model to assess both the economic and environmental impacts
of EV adoption, considering international and national policy factors. By evaluating government incentives,
infrastructure development, and public acceptance, the research aims to provide policy recommendations that
optimize environmental and economic benefits, facilitating a smoother transition to EVs and contributing to
sustainable development goals. Copyright © 2024 STTAL. - All rights reserved.

INTEROPERABILITY CONCEPT OF INDONESIAN NAVY-INDONESIAN COAST GUARD IN NATUNA SEA REGION TO IMPLEMENT TOTAL DEFENSE STRATEGY AT SEA

Pratondo Ario Seno Sudiro — 2024-08-05

Defense is part of Indonesian national purposes mentioned in The Constitution of 1945 “to establish the
government of Indonesia to protect all of Indonesian people and Indonesian region”. The Constitution of 1945 also
mentioned that every (Indonesian) citizen has right and obligation to join the effort of country defense and security
then titled as total defense strategy. There are two great powers in maritime sector. First is Indonesian Navy as
the representative of military force and Indonesian Coast Guard as the representative of civilian force. This
research aims to formulate interoperability concept between Indonesian Navy and Indonesian Coast Guard based
on division of tasks supported by optimization of surveillance equipment in scope of Natuna Sea region using
qualitative method. Result of the research is concept of total defense strategy system built from interoperability
between Indonesian Navy and Indonesian Coast Guard supported by academician and national defense industry.

THE DETERMINATION OF THE ARSENAL LOCATION IN AN EFFORT TO INCREASE THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE SEA FORCES IN CRITICAL AREAS OF THE NORTH NATUNA SEA

Kornia Adhi — 2024-08-05

The dynamics of the strategic environment in the North Natuna Sea area raises potential
threat spots to the territory of the Republic of Indonesia where the Indonesian Navy needs
to determine a marine security strategy where one of the things that must be prepared is
the distribution of logistics in the form of musicians and weapons through the construction
of the Arsenal warehouse. Through this research, an alternative strategic location as an
Arsenal warehouse was determined as a storage place for ammunition supplies used to
support KRI in carrying out operational tasks. Alternative locations for the construction of
Arsenal are Lanal Bintan, Lanal Ranai Lanal Bangka Belitung and Lantamal IV Pontianak.
Based on Perkasal No. 17 of 2008, the criteria used and are absolute requirements in
determining the location are security, transportation access and supporting facilities. The
data collection of this research was carried out using the questionnaire distribution method
and conducting interviews with experts. The Delphi method is used in this research to
determine and agree on relevant and valid criteria and sub-criteria to be researched to the
next stage. Furthermore, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method is used to determine
the best alternative by processingdata using Super Decision Software. The results of this
study were obtained The priority of the alternative location of the Arsenal warehouse is
Lanal Bintan with a weight value of 0.536308.

ANALYSIS OF DRY BULK CARGO LOADING AND UNLOADING PERFORMANCE AT TANJUNG TEMBAGA PORT (CASE STUDY : PT DELTA ARTHA BAHARI NUSANTARA)

Ilma Nur Fadhila Aghnia — 2024-08-05

In recent years, loading and unloading activities at ports have shown a significant increase in line with the growth
in global and regional trade volumes. However, the surge in loading and unloading activities poses serious
challenges, such as limited infrastructure, stacking capacity, operational efficiency, the need for more and more
qualified human resources, and compliance with increasingly stringent regulations, in addition to environmental
impacts and safety aspects that need to be considered. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the
main obstacles that arise due to the increase in dry bulk loading and unloading activities at PT DABN Port, as well
as strategic solutions to overcome these challenges in order to ensure the smooth operation and sustainability of
the port environment. The research method used is a quantitative approach by conducting a survey using key
performance indicators such as loading and unloading time, labor productivity, equipment utilization, and damage
rate. Primary data used comes from questionnaire answers with a total of 30 respondents, while secondary data
is obtained from company reports and official port documents. This research uses descriptive analysis using
validity and reliability tests using a used trial. The results showed that the performance of dry bulk loading and
unloading at PT DABN Port was in the good category, but from these indicators there were still obstacles for
service users. These obstacles will be an evaluation for PT DABN to improve loading and unloading performance
from the aspects of equipment utility, loading and unloading time, labor productivity and the level of damage to
goods and make improvements as a determinant of the success of dry bulk loading and unloading so as to increase
loading and unloading efficiency.

THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL-BASED MILITARY LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: STRENGTHENING ACCURACY AND SPEED AS WELL AS TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Ferry M. Arifin — 2024-08-05

Logistics supply chain management in the military context, especially in the Indonesian Navy, has not fully adopted
the Logistics Supply Chain Management system. This paper aims to develop a digital-based military logistics
supply chain management concept to strengthen accuracy and speed as well as transparency and accountability
in a clear and realizable framework. The research method used is the qualitative descriptive analysis by building
a digital-based military logistics supply chain management concept based on an in-depth analysis of reliable
factors and strategies. This research produced findings in the form of a digital-based military logistics concept with
significant factors, namely technology, and infrastructure, trained human resources, standardized processes,
security and privacy, as well as effective collaboration and communication, all of which contribute to increasing
accuracy, speed, transparency, and accountability. The final result of this research is to obtain strategies that
include applying advanced technology, human resource development, process standardization, and collaboration
between internal and external parties. By adopting these strategies, digital-based military logistics supply chain
management can increase accuracy, speed, transparency, and accountability, strengthening operational
readiness and overall military mission effectiveness.

A REVIEW OF COASTAL DEFENSE MANAGEMENT TO SUPPORT NATIONAL RESILIENCE

Aris Tri Ika R — 2024-08-05

The Surabaya Western Access Channel (SWAC) is a very congested, narrow channel but has several potentials
for abundant natural resources. The problems in this Channel’s areThe busy traffic of both military and civilian
ships passing through this channel has resulted in damage to several ecosystems and threatens fishery cultivation.
Under the channel there are also dangerous objects for navigation such as shipwrecks that have not been lifted,
many pipe installations and underwater cables. The level of shipping safety in SWAC is also relatively low.
Therefore it is necessary to have shipping management, shipping safety, ecological maintenance, coastal
community life and defense and security governance. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing conditions
of coastal defense governance that have been implemented before. The method in this article is the VOSViewer
analysis which analyzes the relationship between several keywords related to coastal defense management.

ONLINE GAMBLING: WHAT IS IT AND HOW TO DEAL WITH IT?

Dewi Nurnindyah — 2024-08-05

Indonesia has been declared an emergency to deal with online gambling, many people are caught in
online gambling, from children to adults, so the government has formed a special Task Force for Online Gambling
since 2023 to eradicate the problem of online gambling in Indonesia. Online gambling addiction behavior does
not recognize race, age, gender and occupation, including state officials, one of whom is an Indonesian Navy
soldier. There has been an increase in violations committed by Indonesian Navy soldiers regarding online
gambling issues in recent years. The negative impacts resulting from online gambling addiction include causing
the risk of suicide, worsening financial conditions for oneself and one's family, triggering criminal acts and
endangering others, destroying relationships with family and other parties, and being trapped in a vicious circle
with online loans. This article discusses the history of gambling in Indonesia, the meaning of online gambling,
types of online gambling, explanations from a psychological perspective, influencing factors and how to prevent
online gambling addiction. Therefore, online gambling addiction needs to be discussed from a psychological
perspective because it is a behavioral disorder that causes many problems and must be eradicated immediately.